The Iraqi Government showed its readiness to manage the abolishment of oil for food program
Translated by IRAQdirectory.com - [8/11/2008]
The Government announced its readiness to manage negotiations to abolish the oil for food programme, while a United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon suggested to the Security Council a number of options for ending the outstanding issues program that was discontinued by the year 2003 after the Security Council starts to abolish the international embargo on Iraq Since the year 1990. Ban Ki-moon clarified in a letter sent to the Council: "The review of some documents relating to the programme is very slow and it had to form a working group to meet on the issue last June," pointing out that "132" letters of payable credit to the value of "237" Million Dollar are still abeyance. He noted that "the working group discovered that some suppliers under the program have confirmed the delivery of goods at a time when the Iraqi government demanded cancellation of credit letters granted to them."
The working group proposed according to a letter published by Moon on the website of the international organization, several options for ending the program, one of them is continuing to work on the rest of pending documents of the transactions relating to letters of credit, and to perform a new mechanism to end the deal conflict with outstanding issues or transfer of funds and the managing responsibility for any activities of the programme to the Iraqi government, in this case the government would be responsible for submitting a report every four months for the Security Council on progress of ending the program, the team report pointed on the government's willingness to take this responsibility. It should be noted that the food-for medicine that had begun in December of the year 1996 aimed at balancing the results of economic sanctions by allowing Iraq to sell oil to buy food, medicine and other humanitarian needs, and ended after the year 2003. And the execution of this program had witnessed involvement of hundreds of companies and personalities in suspicious transactions with the former regime, in addition to granting bribes to officials on the programme to dabble in deals.
The Ministry of Finance will disburse the salary increases according two stages for the next 6 months
Translated by IRAQdirectory.com - [8/10/2008]
The Ministry of Finance, declared on Wednesday, that the increases of salary grades which were approved for the next six months will be disbursed according to two stages, this first in September and the second in January of next year. A statement by the Ministry, as saying that "this action was meant to absorb inflation, which happened in the market due to casting the current cash, and to meet the obligations of Iraq for the International Monetary Fund."
The statement denied all reports and news about cancellation of new salary grade, and returning the salaries state of employees to what it was previously. The ministry continues in distributing the differences within a new salary grade for those who have not received any increases over the last six months." The statement explained that the stoppage will not enclose the benefits approved within the new service law of university during the next four months, and that the postponement will include increases of employees salaries within the new grade schedule .
The Gas cylinders Factory in Wassit will increase the production to 300 thousand cylinders annually
The Director of manufacturing of liquid gas cylinders plant in Wasit, stated to (Aswat Al Iraq) on Wednesday, the installation of devices and modern equipment of the plant will increase productivity to 300 thousand cylinders annually. The engineer Qassim Sharida explained, "that the installation of devices and machines of modern manufacturing plant for liquid gas cylinders instead of old machines on (Wednesday) for the purpose of modernizing the refinery production lines and improve the quality of production and stopping the bottlenecks occurring in productivity." He added: "The new machines have been installed in the lab were welding bottleneck machines and welding base as well as the maintenance of some machines for the factory production lines by the engineering and technical staff of the plant."
He pointed out that "energy production after the new installed machines will be 300 thousand cylinders per year while the energy production were not exceeding 200 thousand cylinders per year since the foundation of the lab." He did not mention the cost of new equipment have been installed, however, pointed out that "the management of the lab encouraged a number of staff in the development and training sessions to work on modern equipment." The factory of liquid gas cylinders in Wasit was founded in 1979 and is the only lab and specialist manufacture of liquid gas cylinders in Iraq. The city of Kut, the Centre for Wasit governorate, located 180 kilometres southeast of the capital Baghdad.
Iraq now open for business, says former ambassador
(28/02/08) Western companies risk losing out to emerging competitors if they delay investment in Iraq, according to the former Iraq ambassador to the UK. Dr Salah Al-Shaikhly, who served in London for over three years, says that companies from Eastern Europe, the Middle East and the Far East are now looking to capitalise on the many investment opportunities found within Iraq and that the established order needs to move quickly to avoid being left behind.
The former ambassador, now a leading commentator on Iraq, added that the media has played a major role in slowing investment, pointing to dominant coverage of problem-laded Baghdad as opposed to areas of relative peace and stability, such as the northern Kurdistan region and the south west. Dr Al-Shaikhly commended the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) for its bravery in signing oil agreements with international operators and further criticised those "driven by political bias" for discouraging the progress made within the oil sector.
"Critics assume that commercial companies are always trying to take unfair advantage of Iraqis and that we do not have the kind of technicians who are able to assess a commercial package - all of which is quite untrue," Al-Shaikhly added.
He also praised those companies prepared to move quickly in aiding the regeneration of Iraq, through infrastructure projects and investment in areas such as real estate and tourism.
Communications was described as a now flourishing sector, with the uptake in mobile phone subscriptions seen as a prime example of the progress made, while also noting that Internet access needed to improve significantly.
Dr Al-Shaikhly sounded a final note of caution by emphasising how businesses coming to Iraq needed to do their homework and should look to partner with established local Iraqi companies, while also being mindful of local rules and traditions.
Such focus on the tremendous investment opportunities available within Iraq comes following the news that Iraqi Minister of Industry Fawzi Hariri is looking to open up Iraq's largest non-oil industries to the global market. This process, described as the first step towards privatisation, will culminate in a large scale summit in Dubai on 19-20 April.
Source: Noozz
Iraq lawmakers approve new flag
(New flag on top).
By Kimi Yoshino, Los Angeles Times Staff Writer January 23, 2008
BAGHDAD -- Iraqi lawmakers approved a new flag Tuesday, defusing a long-simmering dispute with the country's northern Kurds, who had refused to fly the national banner because of its connection to Saddam Hussein.
The temporary flag, a one-year stopgap until a more permanent design is selected, will no longer bear the three green stars representing the "unity, freedom, socialism" motto of Hussein's Baath Party. The former leader's handwritten "Allahu akbar" (God is great) will be replaced with an old-style Arabic font.
Kurds have long flown their own flag, a sun-splashed banner with bands of red, white and green. But the division between them and Iraq's Arabs escalated in September 2006 when Kurdistan regional President Massoud Barzani banned the national flag from being flown atop official buildings.
He had also said he would not raise the Iraqi flag in March for a pan-Arab meeting of politicians scheduled to be held in Iraqi Kurdistan.
But after 110 of the 165 lawmakers present approved the changes, Kurdish officials said the regional government would accept the new flag.
"We are glad for the change that was implemented to the old flag," said Fuad Hussein, Barzani's chief of staff. "We will raise this flag side by side the Kurdistan regional flag."
Parliament rejected three other options, which included changing the meaning of the stars to "freedom, justice and forgiveness," changing the color of the phrase "God is great" to yellow from green, or changing it to yellow outlined in blue. The addition of yellow would have been an acknowledgment of the sun on Kurdistan's flag.
Though lawmakers were able to strike a deal, they remain deeply divided on how to unite the central government in Baghdad and the semiautonomous Kurdistan regional government.
The Kurdish region in northern Iraq also has its own language and national anthem. It proclaims itself "the other Iraq," and Kurds consider themselves vastly different from their Arab neighbors.
The two factions continue to spar over the budget, the future of oil-rich Kirkuk and oil contracts Kurdistan officials have signed with foreign businesses despite the objections of the federal government.
"It's a gesture of good intentions and, honestly, it's a positive development," acknowledged Adil Barwari, a Kurdish member of parliament. "When the dictator has changed, the flag has to change."
Still, he said he was troubled by continued efforts to cut Kurdistan's proposed 17% share of the national budget. If the amount is reduced, Barwari said, he will vote against the spending plan.
Other parliament members who opposed the new flag said the changes might cause further problems.
"We feel that this matter is going to divide the Iraqis again," said Saleh Mutlak of the National Dialogue Council, a Sunni Arab slate that includes former Baathists. "It will reduce the stability of the country and increase the violence. It will separate the Iraqis more than they are now from the government."
He said the government should tackle more pressing issues, including the country's electricity crisis and problems with water treatment.
"They are not caring about the suffering of people, but they do care to take revenge for the past," Mutlak said.
Throughout the country too, Iraqis remained divided.
"This is literally a comedy," said Haseeb Mohammed, 33, a Sunni Arab in Mosul. "Is this Iraq's flag? What was wrong with it? What has changed? Nothing has changed. It's just a poor comedy charade to satisfy some sides. It's a conspiracy against Iraq and the Iraqi people."
But in the northern city of Kirkuk, residents were praising the move. "Thousands of people were killed and whole villages were annihilated by the fascist Baath regime and under the old flag," said Rizgar Khorsheed, a 55-year-old Kurd. "This change signifies that Iraq is treading toward democracy and the establishment of a federal country founded on justice and equality."
With the flag issue temporarily resolved, parliament might now address more important matters, said Waheed Khalil, a Shiite Muslim in Mosul.
"There are many problems that the Iraqi people are suffering from that the representatives should have taken care of," Khalil said. Now, he said, "I hope that our officials will look after the Iraqi people's needs and priorities."
Meanwhile, a suicide bomber pushing a small cart carrying an old water heater blew himself up in front of a high school in Baqubah, capital of troubled Diyala province. The blast killed one other person and injured 21 more, most of them teachers and students, police said.
Just south of Baqubah, police discovered seven dead family members. A joint patrol of the Iraqi army and police discovered the bodies of a father, his five sons and a cousin. All had been killed execution-style, with their bodies showing signs of torture, police said.
In Anbar province, police thwarted a female suicide bomber after receiving a tip that she might attack a checkpoint northeast of Fallouja.
Times staff writer Saif Hameed and special correspondents in Baghdad, Kirkuk, Sulaymaniya, Ramadi and Mosul contributed to this report.
The inauguration of the first Iraqi tanker in 27 years
The inauguration of the first Iraqi tanker since 27 years
Translated by IRAQdirectory.com - 12/20/2007
Official spokesman for the Ministry of Oil said that the public company for Iraqi oil tankers will inaugurate the first Iraqi tanker within its fleet on Monday in an official ceremony.
The spokesman, Asim Jihad, said that the oil tanker (Tigris) will be the first in a fleet which the Ministry of Oil intends to establish after the public company for Iraqi oil tankers stopped work for over 27 years with the start of the Iraq-Iran war in 1980. He added, "the tanker (Tigris) is modern and with a cargo of 14 thousand tons; it is one of three tankers contracted on by the company with a Chinese company," noting that the second tanker is hopefully arriving during the next couple of weeks with a payload of 14 thousand tons and the third tanker, with a payload of 16 thousand and 800 tons, is expected in the coming months.
He said, "The company has taken all necessary precautions for the work of those pieces; it contracted with a Norwegian company to prepare studies for the advancement of this sector, the training of its cadres and to make it within the international specifications ( I.S.M.). It also contracted with a Swedish company for world specifications of tankers for the exercise of maritime activity." Jihad continued, "The Iraqi Company for tankers was founded in 1972 and has had 22 pieces, the smallest one is with a payload of one thousand five hundred tons and the largest with 155 thousand tons."
He pointed out that the tanker will transport oil from Iraq and imported oil derivatives into Iraq during the current phase. The Ministry has a plan to expand the fleet to include modern oil tankers and it has already contracted with Hyundai Company of South Korea to build a number of oil tankers to Iraq.
Prepared & Translated By: IRAQdirectory.com Team Iraq Daily Business Updates
NEWS FROM IRAQ AS REPORTED BY THE UN - NOVEMBER 30, 2007
Ban Ki-moon, Iraqi leader convene
high-level talks on international assistance to
Iraq
Permanent Security Council members, Iraq's
neighbours, G-8 countries and regional organizations
participate
We face
numerous challenges in Iraq, and today it was clear that
the time for determined collective action has come. This
meeting has helped to promote a stronger partnership
between the international community and Iraq. The United
Nations is committed to supporting this partnership.
Secretary-General Ban
Ki-moon in remarks at news
conference
following the high-level meeting on
Iraq - 22 Sept. '07
International Reconstruction Fund Facility for Iraq
To ensure swift, flexible, and coordinated
donor financing for priority investments in Iraq ,
the UN and the World Bank created theInternational
Reconstruction Fund Facility for Iraq (IRFFI).
UN
Development Group Iraq Trust Fund
International Advisory and Monitoring
Board (IAMB)
- An audit oversight body for the Development
Fund for Iraq (DFI)
- DFI was established pursuant to Security
Council Resolution 1483
The UN stands ready to actively assist the Iraqi people in the
"crucial endeavor" of stopping the violence and
promoting national accord.
• Fact
sheet on UNAMI
• UNAMI was established
following Security Council resolution 1500 of August 2003
• Key tasks outlined in
resolution 1546
Related Links
UN agencies & offices:
ReliefWeb/OCHA - Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian
Affairs
ESCWA - Economic & Social Commission for Western
Asia
OHCHR - Office of High Commissioner for Human
Rights
Created in 1991, mandated to process
claims and pay compensation for losses and damage
suffered as a direct result of Iraq's unlawful
invasion and occupation of Kuwait. More>>
» UNMOVIC –
The UN Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission . Created
by Security Council resolution 1284 (1999).
» UNSCOM – The
UN Special Commission. Established by Security Council
resolution 687 (1991); in action until 1999.
» INVO – Iraq Nuclear Verification Office of the International
Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Created by the IAEA in
1991, initially as the Iraq Action Team.
The Iraqi Association of Securities Dealers implemented the pilot stage of the Small Business Development Centers (SBDC) Voucher Program.
The participants had been selected by the District Advisory Council (DAC) of Karrada, and their attendance fee was paid for with vouchers purchased by U.S. Army units.
Two months after the start of the program the vouchers are already contributing to the financial sustainability of the IASD. The number of coupons - whose intrinsic value is $125 - purchased in August rose to 205. Additionally, 185 vouchers were obligated by three embedded Provincial Reconstruction Teams (ePRT) and one ministry of the Iraqi Government, and the demand seems to be growing.
"The Karada and Nine Nisan District Councils are extremely impressed and the participants have been very pleased with the training they have received on the How to Start-Up or improve a Business course from the Small Business Development Center," one ePRT representative said.
"When I first heard about the SBDC business training vouchers I was not sure how well they would be accepted. I was surprised by the strong local demand for the courses, both from experienced businesspeople and those looking to start up an enterprise. We have filled up the classes weeks in advance," a representative of another ePRT said.
"Our cooperation with local authorities – the District Advisory Councils – and with the Provincial Reconstruction Teams that operate in Baghdad has so far been highly beneficial for all parties involved. As we substantially expanded our outreach at the community level, more Iraqi entrepreneurs gained access to our business development courses. By getting trained they can make an increased contribution to local development – which is a goal that the Councils, the PRTs and all of us share," the IASD Executive Manager said. "We will pursue this cooperation, as the vouchers have proved very instrumental for us in achieving sustainability."
Since 2005, IASD has benefited from the technical assistance and support of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID)-funded Izdihar project. As of November, IASD has been running the SBDC program in Baghdad. Through the end of August it has offered 15 How to Start-Up or Improve a Business courses to 224 Iraqi participants.
GENERAL PETRAEUS LETTER TO TROOPS - AN INSIGHT INTO THE IMPROVING CLIMATE FOR BUSINESS IN IRAQ
7 September 2007
Soldiers, Sailors, Airmen, Marines, Coast Guardsmen, and Civilians of Multi-National Force-Iraq
We are now over two-and-a-half months into the surge of offensive operations made possible by the surge of forces, and I want to share with you my view of how I think we’re doing. This letter is a bit longer than previous ones, since I feel you deserve a detailed description of what I believe we have – and have not – accomplished, as Ambassador Crocker and I finalize the assessment we will provide shortly to Congress.
Up front, my sense is that we have achieved tactical momentum and wrested the initiative from our enemies in a number of areas of Iraq. The result has been progress in the security arena, although it has, as you know, been uneven. Additionally, as you all appreciate very well, innumerable tasks remain and much hard work lies ahead. We are, in short, a long way from the goal line, but we do have the ball and we are driving down the field.
We face a situation that is exceedingly complex. Al Qaeda, associated insurgent groups, and militia extremists, some supported by Iran, continue to carry out attacks on us, our Iraqi partners, and the Iraqi civilians we seek to secure. We have to contend with the relentless pace of operations, the crushing heat, and the emotions that we all experience during long deployments and tough combat. And we operate against a backdrop of limited Iraqi government capacity, institutions trying to rebuild, and various forms of corruption. All of this takes place in a climate of distrust and fear that stems from the sectarian violence that did so much damage to the fabric of Iraqi society in 2006 and into 2007, not to mention the decades of repression under Saddam’s brutal regime. Tragically, sectarian violence continues to cause death and displacement in Baghdad and elsewhere, albeit at considerably reduced levels from 8 months ago, due, in large part, to your hard work and sacrifice together with our Iraqi counterparts.
In spite of these challenges, our operations – particularly the offensive operations we have conducted since mid-June – have helped produce progress in many areas on the ground. In fact, the number of attacks across the country has declined in 8 of the past 11 weeks, reaching during the last week in August a level not seen since June 2006. This trend is not just a result of greater numbers of Coalition and Iraqi Security Forces; it also reflects your determination, courage, and skill in conducting counterinsurgency operations. By taking the fight to the enemy, you have killed or captured dozens of leaders and thousands of members of Al Qaeda-Iraq and extremist militia elements, you have taken many of Al Qaeda’s former sanctuaries away from them, and you have dismantled a number of their car bomb and improvised explosive device networks. By living among the population with our Iraqi partners, you have been holding the areas you have cleared. By helping Iraqis reestablish basic services and local governance, you have helped exploit the security gains. And by partnering closely with Iraqi Security Forces, you have been strengthening Iraqi elements that will one day have sole responsibility for protecting their population. Indeed, while Iraqi forces clearly remain a work in progress, Iraqi soldiers and police are very much in the fight, and they continue to sustain losses that are two to three times our losses.
We are also building momentum in an emerging area of considerable importance – local reconciliation. Local Iraqi leaders are coming forward, opposing extremists, and establishing provisional units of neighborhood security volunteers. With growing Government of Iraq support, these volunteers are being integrated into legitimate institutions to help improve local security. While this concept is playing out differently in various areas across Iraq, it is grounded in a desire shared by increasing numbers of Iraqis – to oppose extremist elements and their ideologies. This is very significant, as many of you know first-hand, extremists cannot survive without the support of the population. The popular rejection of Al Qaeda and its ideology has, for example, helped transform Anbar Province this year from one of the most dangerous areas of Iraq to one of the safest. The popular rejection has helped Coalition and Iraqi Forces take away other areas from Al Qaeda as well, and we are seeing a spread of this sentiment in an ever-increasing number of Sunni areas. Now, in fact, we are also seeing a desire to reject extremists emerge in many Shi’a areas.
The progress has not, to be sure, been uniform across Baghdad or across Iraq. Accomplishments in some areas – for example, in Ramadi and in Anbar Province – have been greater than any of us might have predicted six months ago. The achievements in some other areas – for example, in some particularly challenging Baghdad neighborhoods and in reducing overall civilian casualties, especially those caused by periodic, barbaric Al Qaeda bombings – have not been as dramatic. However, the overall trajectory has been encouraging, especially when compared to the situation at the height of the sectarian violence in late 2006 and early 2007.
Many of us hoped this summer would be a time of tangible political progress at the national level as well. One of the justifications for the surge, after all, was that it would help create the space for Iraqi leaders to tackle the tough questions and agree on key pieces of “national reconciliation” legislation. It has not worked out as we had hoped. All participants, Iraqi and coalition alike, are dissatisfied by the halting progress on major legislative initiatives such as the oil framework law, revenue sharing, and de-ba’athification reform. At the same time, however, our appreciation of what this legislation represents for Iraqi leaders has grown. These laws are truly fundamental in nature and will help determine how Iraqis will share power and resources in the new Iraq. While much work remains to be done before these critical issues are resolved, the seriousness with which Iraqi leaders came together at their summit in late August has given hope that they are up to the task before them, even if it is clearly taking more time than we initially expected.
In the coming months, our coalition’s countries and all Iraqis will continue to depend on each of you and on our Iraqi counterparts to keep the pressure on the extremists, to help security and strengthen the rule of law for all Iraqis, to work with the Government of Iraq to integrate volunteers into local security and national institutions, to assist with the restoration and improvement of basic services, and to continue the development of conditions that foster reconciliation. For our part, Ambassador Crocker and I will continue to do everything in our power to help the Prime Minister and the Government of Iraq achieve the meaningful results that will ensure that your sacrifices and those of your comrades help produce sustainable security for Iraq over the long term. A stable and secure Iraq that denies extremists a safe haven and has a government that is representative of and responsive to all Iraqis helps protect the vital interests of our coalition countries. A stable and secure Iraq will also benefit Iraq’s citizens and Iraq’s neighbors alike, bringing calm to a region full of challenges and employing iraq’s human capital and natural resource blessings for the benefit of all.
As I noted at the outset of this letter, over the next few days, Ambassador Crocker and I will share with the U.S. Congress and the American people our assessment of the situation in Iraq. I will also describe the recommendations I have provided to my chain of command. I will go before Congress conscious of the strain on our forces, the sacrifices that you and your families are making, the gains we have made in Iraq, the challenges that remain, and the importance of building on what we and our Iraqi counterparts have fought so hard to achieve.
Thanks once again for what each of you continue to do. Our Nations have asked much of you and your families. It remains the greatest of honors to serve with you.
Sincerely,
David H. Petraeus
General, United States Army
Commanding
Iraq economy growing despite conflict
United Press International - [21/02/2007]
Iraq's economy continues to grow despite continued civil unrest, the Conference Board reported Tuesday.
In its report on productivity in the Middle East, the New York-based economic research group said that Iraq's gross domestic product growth rate increased by 7.3 percent in 2005, compared to a 14.2 percent decrease posted in 1995.
Iraq's growth reflected the overall expansion seen in the region, the board said. Nevertheless, it warned that stagnant productivity levels continue to hold back economic growth in the Middle East and there was still a lack of a middle class that could push economic expansion forward.
Overall, productivity had actually fallen over the past decade in the region compared to U.S. levels to 40 percent in 2005 from 54 percent posted in 1987.
Foreign firms eye new work in Iraq The Washington Times - [22/02/2007]
The Bush administration is promoting business opportunities in Iraq as fighting rages on, with a senior Commerce Department official leading a mission there this week.
Sectors that focus on rebuilding, such as telecommunications and construction, offer significant opportunities for foreign companies.
Commerce Undersecretary for International Trade Franklin L. Lavin, whose mission began Monday and ends today, met with the Iraqi trade, housing and construction minister and the industry and minerals minister.
Despite current unrest, it is not too early to look into business possibilities, Mr. Lavin said by phone yesterday from Irbil, the largest city in Iraqi Kurdistan.
"Economic progress can be part of the solution, and we really owe it to ourselves not to wait until there's an improvement in security," he said.
"Part of what we are doing here, we think, fits in with the broader political goal of the United States of stabilizing the situation in Iraq," he said.
During the visit, the two sides started the U.S.-Iraq Business Dialogue, a mechanism bringing Iraqi and U.S. businesses together to discuss nuts-and-bolts business issues such as registering businesses, labor law flexibility and tariff issues.
The trip also saw the start of an effort to encourage companies to look at the Kurdistan region as a platform for economic activity and gateway to the rest of Iraq.
Mr. Lavin said it makes sense for some types of companies to look at Iraq, citing a boom in such sectors as information technology, as well as substantial regional activity, including a $300 million airport and a $400 million power plant.
He put the amount of investment in the Kurdistan region since the 2004 fall of Saddam Hussein "in the billions."
In addition, he said, "there's a lot exporting going on," noting that U.S. exports to Iraq reached $1.5 billion last year.
Exports for 2005 were about $1.4 billion, with more than half of that total coming from the cereals, electric machinery and nuclear reactors, boilers and machinery categories.
Simon Beard, head of business development for the Middle East at Nortel Networks, one of the companies on the trip, said he was upbeat about the possibilities in Iraq.
Nortel has been pursuing opportunities there and has closed contracts, including a $20 million deal to build an optical transmission network there.
"In the long term, we think this is a great market," he said, adding that regardless of its political future, Iraq will have oil revenue. And its infrastructure must be built from scratch.
Iraq is a uniquely attractive place to do business in the Middle East. Iraq has bright, hardworking, and resourceful people, rich agricultural resources, abundant natural resources including oil, phosphate, and sulphur, a population of close to 25 million people, and a central Middle East location. Iraq is rapidly recovering from the effects of the war and decades of under-investment. When the recovery is over, the potential of Iraq’s people and abundant resources will be unleashed in the country’s newly free markets.
The Market
Iraq has close to 25 million people with pent-up demand for goods and services they have been unable to purchase for years. Since the war, consumption has increased as a result of a significant increase in wages and the opening of international trade. A surge in investment financed by foreign donors will result in new jobs which will further accelerate consumption and growth. The recent establishment of a new, sound currency, transparent legal environment, and a friendly business environment will help ensure strong, sustained growth in the years ahead.
The Legal Environment
The new foreign direct investment law permits investment by foreigners with very few restrictions. Signed in September, it permits foreign investors to own up to 100% of enterprises in all sectors except natural resources. Profits, dividends, interest, and royalties may be fully remitted. Land may not be bought, but it may be leased for up to 40 years. Iraq recently passed a new banking law permitting six international banks to soon begin providing credit and other banking services in Iraq. Iraq is currently establishing a new set of commercial laws to assure investors of enforceable property and other rights, bankruptcy protection, foreclosure capability, and a well-functioning judicial system for settling commercial disputes. Taxes and tariffs are low. Iraq has a flat 5 percent tariff. Currently there is holiday on corporate and personal income taxes. Corporate taxes are limited after the tax holiday at 15%.
Attractive Industries
Oil and related businesses dominate the economy in Iraq. However, since the war the private sector has been expanding rapidly in retailing, wholesaling, and transport. As a result, consumer packaged goods and electronics are doing well. Construction is also benefiting from the rebuilding efforts underway. The heaviest infrastructure investments are likely to be in electric power, oil production, refining, distribution, and water treatment. Industries such as cement, aggregates, and other construction materials are expected to do well. Shifts towards a more market-oriented economy, especially the replacement of the food basket with cash payments, will spur domestic food and beverage processing and distribution. Iraq production of petroleum, natural gas, phosphates, and sulfur will drive demand for equipment related to these industries such as drilling and pipeline equipment, excavating equipment, processing equipment, and refining equipment. Just as important as these mineral resources, Iraq has vast areas of fertile land and the most precious commodity of all in the Middle East, water. After decades of underinvestment, Iraq’s agriculture sector is poised to make the country once again the bread basket of the Middle East.
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